How to use first aid items in Military Emergency Kit? ②

In addition to the last Israeli bandage and CAT tourniquet in the military emergency kit, a rhinitis ventilation tube can be used for patients with poor or obstructed airway ventilation.

Before using the rhinitis ventilation tube, you need to choose the right size, followed by spraying vasoconstrictors or local anaesthetics on the mucosal surface of the nasal cavity. Lubricate the rhinitis ventilation tube with an ointment containing a water-soluble local anaesthetic. Place the curved face of the rhinitis ventilation tube into the nasal cavity against the hard palate and push the tube down the hard palate in the plane of the palatal bone until it meets resistance at the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.

The nasopharyngeal ventilation tube must be bent 60° to 90° to reach down to the pharynx. (Although this can be accomplished by continuing to push the ventilation tube with force, it is prone to damage the mucosa of the posterior pharyngeal wall, and the tube should be rotated 90° anticlockwise so that its bevelled surface faces the mucosa of the posterior nasopharynx.

After the ventilation tube has passed through the bend, rotate it back into place and push it to the appropriate depth. After the nasopharyngeal ventilation tube has been inserted to a sufficient depth, if the patient coughs or resists, it should be set back 1 to 2 cm. if the patient's airway remains obstructed after placing the nasopharyngeal ventilation tube, and if laryngospasm is excluded, another longer nasopharyngeal ventilation tube should be tried. Push to the appropriate depth, and insertion should be gentle, soft, and slow.

Before pulling out the ventilation tube for rhinitis, nasopharyngeal and oral secretions should be aspirated first, then the fixation tape should be lifted, and the tube should be pulled out during the expiratory phase so as to avoid misaspiration. When resistance is encountered during the extraction process, it can be paused until it is moistened with a lubricant or water and the ventilation tube is repeatedly rotated to be loosened, and then extracted.

The main purpose of the Chest Seal in the Military Emergency Kit is to maintain normal pressure in the chest cavity and prevent pneumothorax, reduce the risk of wound bleeding and infection, promote patient recovery and reduce complications.

The Chest Seal is made of a porous, ventilated material that forms a tight seal by attaching to the trauma site, placing air into the chest cavity to reduce the risk of gas build-up in the chest cavity, and facilitating the drainage of fluid from the chest cavity to prevent pleural effusion.

Use directly attached to the trauma, while paying attention to the firmness of the chest sealing patch and the time of use, the process time can cause side effects, the specific time needs to be adjusted according to the doctor's advice and the specific situation of the patient.

Military emergency kit enable a person to treat themselves or help each other to maximise life-saving efforts before receiving professional medical assistance.The correct selection and use of the kit is a guarantee of the patient's safety and health.